Grate: Difference between revisions
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[[Category:Technologies & Solutions]] | |||
[[Grate]]-type [[Incineration|incinerators]] are suitable for large irregular-shaped [[Waste|wastes]], which can be supported on a stationary or moving alloy [[Grate]] that allows air to pass through from underneath into the [[Waste|waste]]. The primary furnace is followed by a secondary [[Combustion|combustion]] chamber, where additional air and fuel are added, to ensure complete destruction of all toxic emissions. These types of [[Incineration|incinerators]] are widely used for the [[Incineration|incineration]] of solid mixed [[Municipal Solid Waste|municipal waste]] ([[MSW]]), but can also be applied to [[Sewage Sludge|sewage sludge]], [[Clinical Waste|clinical waste]], and [[Commercial and Industrial Waste|commercial and industrial waste]] (C&I)<ref name="ref1">[https://eippcb.jrc.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2020-01/JRC118637_WI_Bref_2019_published_0.pdf Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for Waste Incineration]</ref>. They generally have limited application for [[Hazardous Waste|hazardous waste]] [[Incineration|incineration]] due to the high temperatures required in the chamber which could have adverse effects the structure of the [[Grate]]<ref>[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123736239500034 Sustainable Industrial Design and Waste Management]</ref>. | [[Grate]]-type [[Incineration|incinerators]] are suitable for large irregular-shaped [[Waste|wastes]], which can be supported on a stationary or moving alloy [[Grate]] that allows air to pass through from underneath into the [[Waste|waste]]. The primary furnace is followed by a secondary [[Combustion|combustion]] chamber, where additional air and fuel are added, to ensure complete destruction of all toxic emissions. These types of [[Incineration|incinerators]] are widely used for the [[Incineration|incineration]] of solid mixed [[Municipal Solid Waste|municipal waste]] ([[MSW]]), but can also be applied to [[Sewage Sludge|sewage sludge]], [[Clinical Waste|clinical waste]], and [[Commercial and Industrial Waste|commercial and industrial waste]] (C&I)<ref name="ref1">[https://eippcb.jrc.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2020-01/JRC118637_WI_Bref_2019_published_0.pdf Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for Waste Incineration]</ref>. They generally have limited application for [[Hazardous Waste|hazardous waste]] [[Incineration|incineration]] due to the high temperatures required in the chamber which could have adverse effects the structure of the [[Grate]]<ref>[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123736239500034 Sustainable Industrial Design and Waste Management]</ref>. | ||
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===Incineration Grate=== | ===Incineration Grate=== | ||
The roles of the [[Incineration|incineration]] [[Grate]] include loosening the materials to be [[Incineration|incinerated]] and transporting the materials to be [[Incineration|incinerated]] in the furnace. The [[Grate]] requires good distribution of the [[Incineration|incineration]] air into the furnace. A primary air blower forces [[Incineration|incineration]] air through the small [[Grate]] layer openings into the fuel layer. More air is usually added above the [[Waste|waste]] bed to complete [[Combustion|combustion]]. The residence time of the [[Waste|wastes]] on the [[Grate]] generally | The roles of the [[Incineration|incineration]] [[Grate]] include loosening the materials to be [[Incineration|incinerated]] and transporting the materials to be [[Incineration|incinerated]] in the furnace. The [[Grate]] requires good distribution of the [[Incineration|incineration]] air into the furnace. A primary air blower forces [[Incineration|incineration]] air through the small [[Grate]] layer openings into the fuel layer. More air is usually added above the [[Waste|waste]] bed to complete [[Combustion|combustion]]. The residence time of the [[Waste|wastes]] on the [[Grate]] is generally around 60 minutes. | ||
Some fine material (referred to as siftings/riddling) may fall through the [[Grate]] which gets recovered in the [[Fly Ash|bottom ash]] remover or is recovered separately. It can be recycled to the [[Grate]] for repeated [[Incineration|incineration]] or removed for disposal. If the siftings are recirculated in the hopper, care is taken not to ignite the [[Waste|waste]] in the hopper. | Some fine material (referred to as siftings/riddling) may fall through the [[Grate]] which gets recovered in the [[Fly Ash|bottom ash]] remover or is recovered separately. It can be recycled to the [[Grate]] for repeated [[Incineration|incineration]] or removed for disposal. If the siftings are recirculated in the hopper, care is taken not to ignite the [[Waste|waste]] in the hopper. | ||
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====Reverse reciprocating grate==== | ====Reverse reciprocating grate==== | ||
[[File:Reverse feed grate.png|200px|right|Reverse feed grate. All rights reserved.]] | [[File:Reverse feed grate.png|200px|right|Reverse feed grate. All rights reserved.]] | ||
The [[Grate]] bars move back and forth in the reverse direction to the flow of [[Waste|waste]]. The [[Grate]] is | The [[Grate]] bars move back and forth in the reverse direction to the flow of [[Waste|waste]]. The [[Grate]] is sloped from the feed end to the ash discharge end and is comprised of fixed and moving grate steps. | ||
<br clear=all /> | <br clear=all /> | ||
====Push forward grate==== | ====Push forward grate==== | ||
[[File:Forward feed grate.png|200px|right|Forward feed grate. All rights reserved.]] | [[File:Forward feed grate.png|200px|right|Forward feed grate. All rights reserved.]] | ||