Wood Waste: Difference between revisions
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[[Category:Tonnage & Waste Types]] | |||
[[Wood Waste]] is wood which is not virgin timber (that is, wood that has been used for any purpose) and associated residues such as off-cuts, shavings chippings and sawdust, either treated or not treated, is waste. They remain waste and subject to waste regulatory control until completely recovered<ref name="foo">[[Environment Agency]], 2017. [https://biomass-supplierslist.service.gov.uk/Content/Documents/2017%2003%2006%20Waste%20Wood%2043_17%20-%20EA%20guidance.pdf Waste Wood Quick Guide 43_17 Issued 02/03/2017.] London.</ref>. The overall size of the [[Wood Waste]] market in the UK is estimated to be around '''4,500,000 tonnes'''. | [[Wood Waste]] is wood which is not virgin timber (that is, wood that has been used for any purpose) and associated residues such as off-cuts, shavings chippings and sawdust, either treated or not treated, is waste. They remain waste and subject to waste regulatory control until completely recovered<ref name="foo">[[Environment Agency]], 2017. [https://biomass-supplierslist.service.gov.uk/Content/Documents/2017%2003%2006%20Waste%20Wood%2043_17%20-%20EA%20guidance.pdf Waste Wood Quick Guide 43_17 Issued 02/03/2017.] London.</ref>. The overall size of the [[Wood Waste]] market in the UK is estimated to be around '''4,500,000 tonnes'''. | ||
[[File:Waste Wood Picture.jpg|300px|left|Waste Wood - Source M W White]] | [[File:Waste Wood Picture.jpg|300px|left|Waste Wood - Source M W White]]__TOC__ | ||
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== Macro Tonnages == | |||
===DEFRA=== | |||
The most recent information published by [[DEFRA]] <ref>[https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/env23-uk-waste-data-and-management UK Statistics on Waste 2020]</ref> is summarized in the pie chart below, with 3,275,463 tonnes of wood generated in the UK in 2020 and is part of the broader tonnage summarised in [[UK Waste Tonnage]]: | |||
[[File:Wood Macro.png|800px|frameless|centre]] | |||
Whilst the macro numbers show 3,275,463 tonnes the general view of several market commentators <ref> , [https://woodrecyclers.org/ Wood Recycling Association website] 4.5mt; [https://www.tolvik.com/published-reports/view/uk-dedicated-biomass-statistics-2017/ Tolvik 2017 Report] 5.0mt and Anthesis (Tolvik report reference unobtainable) 5.7mt</ref> was that the total wood arising was between 4,500,000 and 5,700,000 tonnes and this can be accounted for a the [[DEFRA]] data being unable to identify wood in the mixed waste streams - this wood then may or may not be pulled out at [[MRF]]s or other similar [[Treatment]] facilities - and because some wood is recycled through sites exempt from [[permitting]] which results in the figures under-reporting totla tonnage. | |||
===Wood Recycling Association=== | |||
In June 2025 the [[Wood Recyclers' Association]] reported their annual statistics on wood waste for 2024 <ref>https://woodrecyclers.org/uk-waste-wood-market-remained-buoyant-in-2024-with-over-96-of-material-processed/</ref> as follows: | |||
* Arisings of wood waste that were broadly at c. '''4.5 million tonnes''' | |||
* Processed wood waste was at c. '''4.4 million tonnes''' | |||
* 2.8 million tonnes went to 'Chapter IV compliant biomass facilities' ([[Biomass EfW]] - WikiWaste figures for 2024 suggest this figure was closer to 2.6 million tonnes) | |||
* Small scale [[Biomass EfW]] accounted for 90,000 tonnes per year | |||
* 920,000 tonnes went to panel board manufacture | |||
* 310,000 tonnes went to animal bedding | |||
* Exports with imports netted off to 211,000 tonnes | |||
== Market Overview == | == Market Overview == | ||
The overall size of the [[Wood Waste]] market in the UK is estimated to be between '''4,500,000 tonnes and 5,000,000 tonnes''', categorized into Grades A to D according to its level of contamination. Where virgin wood is mixed with waste wood such as fence posts, pallets, construction boarding or other waste, the mixed load is considered waste<ref name="foo" />. | The overall size of the [[Wood Waste]] market in the UK is estimated to be between '''4,500,000 tonnes and 5,000,000 tonnes''', categorized into Grades A to D according to its level of contamination. Where virgin wood is mixed with waste wood such as fence posts, pallets, construction boarding or other waste, the mixed load is considered waste<ref name="foo" />. | ||
[[DEFRA]] figures accounted for 3, | [[DEFRA]] figures accounted for 3,275,463 tonnes of wood waste in their most recent 2020 figures, the remaining tonnage being left in mixed waste streams. The separated wood waste is primarily used in animal bedding, as recycled wood panel board and in [[Biomass EfW]]. The use in [[Biomass EfW]] has increased rapidly over recent years from 1,630,000 tonnes in 2017 to around 2,800,000 tonnes in 2020. | ||
==Wood Waste Grades== | ==Wood Waste Grades== | ||
Treated waste wood is wood that has been treated by being injected, impregnated, sprayed, infused (soaked) or surface coated with any organic or inorganic substances for the purposes of preserving or protecting it or for changing its appearance. Some of these treatments may not be obvious and visible. Surface coating includes varnishes and paints, glues and non-natural veneers<ref name="foo" />. | Treated waste wood is wood that has been treated by being injected, impregnated, sprayed, infused (soaked) or surface coated with any organic or inorganic substances for the purposes of preserving or protecting it or for changing its appearance. Some of these treatments may not be obvious and visible. Surface coating includes varnishes and paints, glues and non-natural veneers<ref name="foo" />. | ||
Waste wood is categorized into 4 different types; Grade A-D. This is based on the quality of wood, the utilization of the wood, and type/amount of contaminants<ref name="foo" /> with Grade A being primarily clean wood off-cuts | ===Main Grades=== | ||
Waste wood is categorized into 4 different types; Grade A-D. This is based on the quality of wood, the utilization of the wood, and type/amount of contaminants<ref name="foo" /> with | |||
* Grade A being primarily clean wood off-cuts | |||
* Grades B and C representing increasing quantities of chipboard, MDF and laminated wood with wood off-cuts, and | |||
* Grade D representing treated wood that is generally classified as [[Hazardous Waste]] (although at the present time this is not generally segregated for collection and [[treatment]]/[[disposal]] in the UK and is mixed with Grade B and C Wood Waste). | |||
===Hazardous Waste Wood=== | |||
A number of [[EA]] Regulatory Position Statements [[RPS]] were issued and then withdrawn from 2020 onwards, with the most recent [[RPS]] withdrawn on the 11th September 2024<ref>https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/storing-and-treating-hazardous-waste-wood-rps-291/storing-and-treating-hazardous-waste-wood-rps-291</ref>. | |||
These were generally created to ensure [[Hazardous Waste|hazardous]] waste wood within mixed [[Non-Hazardous Waste|non-hazardous]] waste wood was appropriately classified, stored and managed. | |||
The note to the most recently withdrawn [[RPS]] states: 'The Environment Agency is satisfied that the amount of ‘amber’ items of hazardous waste wood is very low and diminishing'. | |||
[[Wood Waste|Waste wood]] that is known and is classified as [[Hazardous Waste|hazardous]] such as: | |||
*railway sleepers | *railway sleepers | ||
*telegraph poles | *telegraph poles | ||
*wood treated with creosote | *wood treated with creosote | ||
must continue to be segregated and consigned as [[Hazardous Waste]]. | |||
==Local Authority Tonnage== | |||
The wood types listed below represent those categories used by local authorities for the wood they manage, primarily at [[HWRC]] sites, which do not correlate with the Grade A to D approach due to the way the data is collected through [[WasteDataFlow]]. | |||
== Chipboard and MDF == | ===Chipboard and MDF=== | ||
Chipboard is a hard material made out of very small pieces of wood which have been pressed together. It is often used for making doors and furniture<ref>Collins, 2019. [https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/chipboard Definition of chipboard. Collinsdictionary.com.] [online] [Accessed 4 Dec. 2019].</ref>. | Chipboard is a hard material made out of very small pieces of wood which have been pressed together. It is often used for making doors and furniture<ref>Collins, 2019. [https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/chipboard Definition of chipboard. Collinsdictionary.com.] [online] [Accessed 4 Dec. 2019].</ref>. | ||
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== Composite Wood Materials == | ===Composite Wood Materials=== | ||
Wood composites include a range of different derivative wood products, all of which are created by binding the strands, fibers or boards of wood together. It is also referred to as man-made wood, manufactured board, engineered wood, or wood-plastic composite (WPC) when using wood fibers and thermoplastics. They are fixed using adhesives and are engineered to certain specifications, resulting in a material that can have diverse applications<ref name="foo2">Johnson, C. 2017. [https://buildabroad.org/2017/02/22/wood-composite/ Wood Composite - The Alternative, Sustainable Solution to Timber. Build Abroad.] [online] [Accessed 5 Dec. 2019].</ref>. | Wood composites include a range of different derivative wood products, all of which are created by binding the strands, fibers or boards of wood together. It is also referred to as man-made wood, manufactured board, engineered wood, or wood-plastic composite (WPC) when using wood fibers and thermoplastics. They are fixed using adhesives and are engineered to certain specifications, resulting in a material that can have diverse applications<ref name="foo2">Johnson, C. 2017. [https://buildabroad.org/2017/02/22/wood-composite/ Wood Composite - The Alternative, Sustainable Solution to Timber. Build Abroad.] [online] [Accessed 5 Dec. 2019].</ref>. | ||
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== Wood == | ===Wood=== | ||
Below is a list of local authorities that send more than 20000 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator. | Below is a list of local authorities that send more than 20000 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator. | ||
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== Wood for composting == | ===Wood for composting=== | ||
Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 2000 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator. | Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 2000 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator. | ||
{{#clear_external_data:}} | {{#clear_external_data:}} | ||