Gasification: Difference between revisions

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Gasification can be considered a process between [[Pyrolysis]] and conventional [[EfW]] in that it involves the partial oxidation of a substance. This means that oxygen is added but the amounts are not enough to allow the fuel to be completely oxidised and full combustion to occur. The temperatures employed are typically above 650°C. Generally, the [[Syngas]] generated from Gasification will have a [[Net Calorific Value]] ([[NCV]]) of 4-10MJ/Nm3 <ref>[[DEFRA]], 2013. [https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/221035/pb13888-thermal-treatment-waste.pdf Advanced Thermal Treatment of Municipal Solid Waste.] London. </ref>.

==== History ====

The gasification concept was originally developed in the early 1800s for the production of town gas which was a gaseous product manufactured from coal. It provided gas for lighting, cooking and heating for the industrialising Europe and North America in the 19th century. The first use of town gas produced via gasification occurred in 1807 where it was used in Pall Mall, London as the first public street lighting.

Gasification moved to producing synthetic fuels and chemicals in the 1920s. The process was used widely during World War II to produce transportation fuels from coal via the Fischer-Tropsch process. It has been used in the last 40-60 years to convert coal and oil into hydrogen for use in the production of fertilisers (mainly ammonia) and for feedstock preparation in the chemical and refinery industries.

At the start of the 21st century, gasification began commercial scale use by the power industry in Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) plants. IGCC plants convert carbonaceous materials/waste into electricity, with the raw syngas cleaned of particulate matter and pollutants. This emissions free, renewable process allows the production of clean energy while solving waste problems simultaneously. <ref>[https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/3/2/216 Gasification Processes Old and New]</ref>

==== Autothermal Gasifiers ====

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 Gasification can be considered a process between [[Pyrolysis]] and conventional [[EfW]] in that it involves the partial oxidation of a substance. This means that oxygen is added but the amounts are not enough to allow the fuel to be completely oxidised and full combustion to occur. The temperatures employed are typically above 650°C. Generally, the [[Syngas]] generated from Gasification will have a [[Net Calorific Value]] ([[NCV]]) of 4-10MJ/Nm3 <ref>[[DEFRA]], 2013. [https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/221035/pb13888-thermal-treatment-waste.pdf Advanced Thermal Treatment of Municipal Solid Waste.] London. </ref>.
+==== History ====
+The gasification concept was originally developed in the early 1800s for the production of town gas which was a gaseous product manufactured from coal. It provided gas for lighting, cooking and heating for the industrialising Europe and North America in the 19th century. The first use of town gas produced via gasification occurred in 1807 where it was used in Pall Mall, London as the first public street lighting.
+Gasification moved to producing synthetic fuels and chemicals in the 1920s. The process was used widely during World War II to produce transportation fuels from coal via the Fischer-Tropsch process. It has been used in the last 40-60 years to convert coal and oil into hydrogen for use in the production of fertilisers (mainly ammonia) and for feedstock preparation in the chemical and refinery industries.
+[[File:IGCC System.png|400px|right|IGCC System. All rights reserved.]]
+At the start of the 21st century, gasification began commercial scale use by the power industry in Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) plants. IGCC plants convert carbonaceous materials/waste into electricity, with the raw syngas cleaned of particulate matter and pollutants. This emissions free, renewable process allows the production of clean energy while solving waste problems simultaneously. <ref>[https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/3/2/216 Gasification Processes Old and New]</ref>
+<br clear=all />
 ==== Autothermal Gasifiers ====