Energy from Waste: Difference between revisions

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==Context and Definition==

In legal terms, a '''‘waste [[incineration]] plant’''' means any stationary or mobile technical unit and equipment dedicated to the [[treatment|thermal treatment]] of waste, with or without [[recovery]] of any energy generated, or whether the gases resulting from the thermal [[treatment]] are subsequently incinerated <ref>As an example, a [[Pyrolysis]] facility that burnt the produced [[Syngas]] to generate electricity would be Incineration, whereas a [[Pyrolysis]] facility that processed [[Syngas]] for vehicle fuel would not be classed as an incinerator</ref><ref name='ref01'>European Commission, 2010 Industrial Emissions Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010 on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control). Official Journal of the European Union.</ref>. If the Incinerator can be shown to meet the energy efficiency measurement of [[R1]] it can be classified as a [[recovery]] facility, if it cannot it is classified as a [[disposal]] facility<ref>https://data.gov.uk/dataset/8287c81b-2288-4f14-9068-52bfda396402/r1-status-of-incinerators-in-england</ref>. This means that an incinerator that generates power, and is a net exporter of power, can be described as an '''[[Energy from Waste]]''' ([[EfW]]) facility. An incinerator that is an [[EfW]] facility that meets the [[R1]] criteria is the only type of incinerator under the legislation that can legitimately describe itself as an '''[[Energy Recovery Facility]]''' ([[ERF]]).

In legal terms, a '''‘waste [[incineration]] plant’''' means any stationary or mobile technical unit and equipment dedicated to the [[treatment|thermal treatment]] of waste, with or without [[recovery]] of any energy generated, or whether the gases resulting from the thermal [[treatment]] are subsequently incinerated <ref>As an example, a [[Pyrolysis]] facility that burnt the produced [[Syngas]] to generate electricity would be Incineration, whereas a [[Pyrolysis]] facility that processed [[Syngas]] for vehicle fuel would not be classed as an incinerator</ref><ref name='ref01'>European Commission, 2010 Industrial Emissions Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010 on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control). Official Journal of the European Union.</ref>. If the Incinerator can be shown to meet the energy efficiency measurement of [[R1]] it can be classified as a [[recovery]] facility, if it cannot it is classified as a [[disposal]] facility<ref>https://data.gov.uk/dataset/8287c81b-2288-4f14-9068-52bfda396402/r1-status-of-incinerators-in-england</ref>. This means that an [[Incineration|incinerator]] that generates power, and is a net exporter of power, can be described as an '''[[Energy from Waste]]''' ([[EfW]]) facility. An incinerator that is an [[EfW]] facility that meets the [[R1]] criteria is the only type of incinerator under the legislation that can legitimately describe itself as an '''[[Energy Recovery Facility]]''' ([[ERF]]).

The most recent recent [[BAT|BREF]] guidance<ref name="Inc">[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/news/new-eu-environmental-standards-waste-incineration BAT and BREF for Waste incineration]</ref> also sets out how incinerators can be described by:

The most recent recent [[BAT|BREF]] guidance<ref name="Inc">[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/news/new-eu-environmental-standards-waste-incineration BAT and BREF for Waste incineration]</ref> also sets out how [[Incineration|incinerators]] can be described by:

* waste origin (e.g. Municipal Incinerators), '''and in WikiWaste includes [[Residual Waste EFW]] and [[Biomass Waste EFW]]''',

* the nature of the waste (e.g. Hazardous Waste Incinerators), '''and in WikiWaste includes [[Hazardous Waste Incineration]] and [[Clinical Waste Incineration]]''' (which may or may not be [[EfW]]

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The large majority of incinerators built and operating to date in the UK are based on 'conventional' [[Combustion]] type incineration, with some development of [[Gasification]] and [[Pyrolysis]] types over the last 10 to 15 years in the UK, with varying degrees of success. These [[ATT]]/[[ACT]] types of technology were encouraged by the [[subsidy]] available for power generation under the [[Renewables Obligation]].

The three types of incineration'[[EfW]] can have a variety of different furnaces (also termed kilns and reactors) and associated systems to ensure the uniform treatment and residence time of the waste in the kiln/reactor. The most common kilns/furnaces are [[Grate]] based (there are at least five different type of [[Grate]]), with [[Fluidised Bed]] kilns/furnaces more commonly used in [[Gasification]].

==Overview==

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 <br clear='left'/>
 ==Context and Definition==
-In legal terms, a '''‘waste [[incineration]] plant’''' means any stationary or mobile technical unit and equipment dedicated to the [[treatment|thermal treatment]] of waste, with or without [[recovery]] of any energy generated, or whether the gases resulting from the thermal [[treatment]] are subsequently incinerated <ref>As an example, a [[Pyrolysis]] facility that burnt the produced [[Syngas]] to generate electricity would be Incineration, whereas a [[Pyrolysis]] facility that processed [[Syngas]] for vehicle fuel would not be classed as an incinerator</ref><ref name='ref01'>European Commission, 2010 Industrial Emissions Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010 on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control). Official Journal of the European Union.</ref>. If the Incinerator can be shown to meet the energy efficiency measurement of [[R1]] it can be classified as a [[recovery]] facility, if it cannot it is classified as a [[disposal]] facility<ref>https://data.gov.uk/dataset/8287c81b-2288-4f14-9068-52bfda396402/r1-status-of-incinerators-in-england</ref>. This means that an incinerator that generates power, and is a net exporter of power, can be described as an '''[[Energy from Waste]]''' ([[EfW]]) facility. An incinerator that is an [[EfW]] facility that meets the [[R1]] criteria is the only type of incinerator under the legislation that can legitimately describe itself as an '''[[Energy Recovery Facility]]''' ([[ERF]]).
+In legal terms, a '''‘waste [[incineration]] plant’''' means any stationary or mobile technical unit and equipment dedicated to the [[treatment|thermal treatment]] of waste, with or without [[recovery]] of any energy generated, or whether the gases resulting from the thermal [[treatment]] are subsequently incinerated <ref>As an example, a [[Pyrolysis]] facility that burnt the produced [[Syngas]] to generate electricity would be Incineration, whereas a [[Pyrolysis]] facility that processed [[Syngas]] for vehicle fuel would not be classed as an incinerator</ref><ref name='ref01'>European Commission, 2010 Industrial Emissions Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010 on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control). Official Journal of the European Union.</ref>. If the Incinerator can be shown to meet the energy efficiency measurement of [[R1]] it can be classified as a [[recovery]] facility, if it cannot it is classified as a [[disposal]] facility<ref>https://data.gov.uk/dataset/8287c81b-2288-4f14-9068-52bfda396402/r1-status-of-incinerators-in-england</ref>. This means that an [[Incineration|incinerator]] that generates power, and is a net exporter of power, can be described as an '''[[Energy from Waste]]''' ([[EfW]]) facility. An incinerator that is an [[EfW]] facility that meets the [[R1]] criteria is the only type of incinerator under the legislation that can legitimately describe itself as an '''[[Energy Recovery Facility]]''' ([[ERF]]).
-The most recent recent [[BAT|BREF]] guidance<ref name="Inc">[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/news/new-eu-environmental-standards-waste-incineration BAT and BREF for Waste incineration]</ref> also sets out how incinerators can be described by:
+The most recent recent [[BAT|BREF]] guidance<ref name="Inc">[https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/news/new-eu-environmental-standards-waste-incineration BAT and BREF for Waste incineration]</ref> also sets out how [[Incineration|incinerators]] can be described by:
 * waste origin (e.g. Municipal Incinerators), '''and in WikiWaste includes [[Residual Waste EFW]] and [[Biomass Waste EFW]]''',
 * the nature of the waste (e.g. Hazardous Waste Incinerators), '''and in WikiWaste includes [[Hazardous Waste Incineration]] and [[Clinical Waste Incineration]]''' (which may or may not be [[EfW]]
@@ Line 31: / Line 31: @@
 The large majority of incinerators built and operating to date in the UK are based on 'conventional' [[Combustion]] type incineration, with some development of [[Gasification]] and [[Pyrolysis]] types over the last 10 to 15 years in the UK, with varying degrees of success. These [[ATT]]/[[ACT]] types of technology were encouraged by the [[subsidy]] available for power generation under the [[Renewables Obligation]].
 The three types of incineration'[[EfW]] can have a variety of different furnaces (also termed kilns and reactors) and associated systems to ensure the uniform treatment and residence time of the waste in the kiln/reactor. The most common kilns/furnaces are [[Grate]] based (there are at least five different type of [[Grate]]), with [[Fluidised Bed]] kilns/furnaces more commonly used in [[Gasification]].
 ==Overview==