Rotary Kiln: Difference between revisions

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==Rotary Kiln with a Post-Combustion Chamber for Hazardous Waste Incineration==

[[File:Rotary (drum-type) kiln with a post combustion chamber for hazardous waste incineration.png|300px|right|Rotary (drum-type) kiln with a post combustion chamber for hazardous waste incineration. All rights reserved.]]

A combination of rotary kilns and post-combustion chambers has proven successful for [[incineration]] of [[Hazardous Waste|hazardous waste]] as this combination can treat solid, pasty, liquid and gaseous wastes uniformly. The kiln operating temperature is usually between 850 °C and 1 300 °C. The temperature can be maintained by burning higher calorific (e.g. liquid) [[waste]], waste oils, heating oil or gas. Operation at higher temperatures may result in molten (vitrified) bottom ash (slag), whilst at lower temperatures the bottom ashes are sintered (solidified).

A combination of rotary kilns and post-combustion chambers has proven successful for [[incineration]] of [[Hazardous Waste|hazardous waste]] as this combination can treat solid, pasty, liquid and gaseous wastes uniformly. The kiln operating temperature is usually between 850 °C and 1 300 °C. The temperature can be maintained by burning higher calorific (e.g. liquid) [[waste]], waste oils, heating oil or gas. Operation at higher temperatures may result in molten (vitrified) [[IBA|bottom ash]] (slag), whilst at lower temperatures the [[IBA|bottom ashes]] are sintered (solidified).

Rotary kilns are tilted towards the post-combustion chamber. This, along with the slow rotation (between 3-40 rotations per hour), facilitates the transport of solid [[Hazardous Waste|hazardous wastes]] that are fed into the upper end, as well as the bottom ash produced during [[incineration]], in the direction of the post-combustion chamber. These are then removed together with the ash from the post-combustion chamber via a wet bottom ash discharger. The residence time for solid wastes is typically greater than 30 minutes.

Rotary kilns are tilted towards the post-combustion chamber. This, along with the slow rotation (between 3-40 rotations per hour), facilitates the transport of solid [[Hazardous Waste|hazardous wastes]] that are fed into the upper end, as well as the [[IBA|bottom ash]] produced during [[incineration]], in the direction of the post-combustion chamber. These are then removed together with the ash from the post-combustion chamber via a wet [[IBA|bottom ash]] discharger. The residence time for solid wastes is typically greater than 30 minutes.

A post-combustion chamber is usually used to increase the disintegration of toxic compounds. Additional firing using liquid [[waste]]/support fuel may be carried out to maintain the temperatures required to ensure the complete destruction of compounds in the exhaust gas. The post-combustion chamber provides the necessary time for the incineration of the [[Flue Gas|flue gasses]] produced in the kiln, as well as for the [[incineration]] of directly injected liquid and gaseous [[Waste|wastes]]. Due to the high temperatures (900-1200°C) and the secondary air introduction in the post-combustion chamber, the [[combustion]] of the exhaust gases is completed, and organic compounds are destroyed<ref name="ref1" />.

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 ==Rotary Kiln with a Post-Combustion Chamber for Hazardous Waste Incineration==
 [[File:Rotary (drum-type) kiln with a post combustion chamber for hazardous waste incineration.png|300px|right|Rotary (drum-type) kiln with a post combustion chamber for hazardous waste incineration. All rights reserved.]]
-A combination of rotary kilns and post-combustion chambers has proven successful for [[incineration]] of [[Hazardous Waste|hazardous waste]] as this combination can treat solid, pasty, liquid and gaseous wastes uniformly. The kiln operating temperature is usually between 850 °C and 1 300 °C. The temperature can be maintained by burning higher calorific (e.g. liquid) [[waste]], waste oils, heating oil or gas. Operation at higher temperatures may result in molten (vitrified) bottom ash (slag), whilst at lower temperatures the bottom ashes are sintered (solidified).
+A combination of rotary kilns and post-combustion chambers has proven successful for [[incineration]] of [[Hazardous Waste|hazardous waste]] as this combination can treat solid, pasty, liquid and gaseous wastes uniformly. The kiln operating temperature is usually between 850 °C and 1 300 °C. The temperature can be maintained by burning higher calorific (e.g. liquid) [[waste]], waste oils, heating oil or gas. Operation at higher temperatures may result in molten (vitrified) [[IBA|bottom ash]] (slag), whilst at lower temperatures the [[IBA|bottom ashes]] are sintered (solidified).
-Rotary kilns are tilted towards the post-combustion chamber. This, along with the slow rotation (between 3-40 rotations per hour), facilitates the transport of solid [[Hazardous Waste|hazardous wastes]] that are fed into the upper end, as well as the bottom ash produced during [[incineration]], in the direction of the post-combustion chamber. These are then removed together with the ash from the post-combustion chamber via a wet bottom ash discharger. The residence time for solid wastes is typically greater than 30 minutes.
+Rotary kilns are tilted towards the post-combustion chamber. This, along with the slow rotation (between 3-40 rotations per hour), facilitates the transport of solid [[Hazardous Waste|hazardous wastes]] that are fed into the upper end, as well as the [[IBA|bottom ash]] produced during [[incineration]], in the direction of the post-combustion chamber. These are then removed together with the ash from the post-combustion chamber via a wet [[IBA|bottom ash]] discharger. The residence time for solid wastes is typically greater than 30 minutes.
 A post-combustion chamber is usually used to increase the disintegration of toxic compounds. Additional firing using liquid [[waste]]/support fuel may be carried out to maintain the temperatures required to ensure the complete destruction of compounds in the exhaust gas. The post-combustion chamber provides the necessary time for the incineration of the [[Flue Gas|flue gasses]] produced in the kiln, as well as for the [[incineration]] of directly injected liquid and gaseous [[Waste|wastes]]. Due to the high temperatures (900-1200°C) and the secondary air introduction in the post-combustion chamber, the [[combustion]] of the exhaust gases is completed, and organic compounds are destroyed<ref name="ref1" />.