High Temperature and Clinical Waste Incineration: Difference between revisions
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* '''High Temperature Incinerators''' (or [[HTI]]s) focused on [[Hazardous Waste]] and operating at [[combustion]] temperatures of up to 1450°C. | * '''High Temperature Incinerators''' (or [[HTI]]s) focused on [[Hazardous Waste]] and operating at [[combustion]] temperatures of up to 1450°C. | ||
* '''Clinical Waste Incinerators''' dedicated to [[Healthcare Waste]], having a primary [[combustion]] chamber operating at 800 - 1000°C, and a secondary [[combustion]] chamber at a minimum temperature of 1100°C with a retention time of gases of two seconds<ref name="Health">[https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/167976/HTM_07-01_Final.pdf/ 07_01_HTM Safe Management of Healthcare Waste]</ref>. | * '''Clinical Waste Incinerators''' dedicated to [[Healthcare Waste]], having a primary [[combustion]] chamber operating at 800 - 1000°C, and a secondary [[combustion]] chamber at a minimum temperature of 1100°C with a retention time of gases of two seconds<ref name="Health">[https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/167976/HTM_07-01_Final.pdf/ 07_01_HTM Safe Management of Healthcare Waste]</ref>. | ||
* '''[[Residual Waste EFW]]''' [[Incineration|incinerators]] which have historically been able to dispose of specific [[Clinical Waste]] streams where they meet the same [[combustion]] and handling requirements as set out in preceding point. | * '''[[Residual Waste EFW]]''' [[Incineration|incinerators]] (also often termed MSW Incinerators) which have historically been able to dispose of specific [[Clinical Waste]] streams where they meet the same [[combustion]] and handling requirements as set out in preceding point<ref>As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic the [[EA]] published a Regulatory Position Statement (RPS C23) clarifying the circumstances where COVID-19 waste can be [[Incineration|incinerated]] with Municipal Waste Waste ([[MSW]]) until July 2021</ref><ref>[https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/incinerating-specified-healthcare-wastes-at-a-municipal-waste-incinerator-rps-c23/incinerating-specified-healthcare-wastes-at-a-municipal-waste-incinerator-rps-c23#conditions-you-must-comply-with RPS C23]</ref>. | ||
In 2019 these facilities received 118,720 tonnes of [[Clinical Waste]] and the [[HTI]]s received 126,788 tonnes of [[Hazardous Waste]], excluding the Clinical Waste they received. In addition, '''[[Cement Kilns]]''' also played a significant role in the [[disposal]] of some specific [[Hazardous Waste]] [[EWC]] codes, totaling | In 2019 these facilities received 118,720 tonnes of [[Clinical Waste]] and the [[HTI]]s received 126,788 tonnes of [[Hazardous Waste]], excluding the Clinical Waste they received. In addition, '''[[Cement Kilns]]''' also played a significant role in the [[disposal]] of some specific [[Hazardous Waste]] [[EWC]] codes, totaling 172,200 tonnes in 2019 (although no data was recorded for three of the cement kilns). | ||
==Historical Levels of Incineration== | |||
The historical picture for hazardous waste incineration (all [[EWC]] codes as hazardous, excluding those [[EWCChap18|EWC chapter 18 codes]] that are hazardous and included in the graph above) is shown in the figure below for England only, with a significant proportion exported to [[R1]] incineration and sent to the 4 High Temperature Incinerators (HTIs). This figure excludes hazardous waste to [[Cement Kilns]]. | |||
[[File:Hazardous Waste Incineration Graph.png|600px|center|Graph of Hazardous Waste to incineration - all rights reserved Monksleigh]] | |||
The historical picture for clinical waste incineration (as defined by [[EWCChap18|EWC chapter 18 codes]]) is shown in the figure below for England only, with relatively little exported to [[R1]] incineration and a dramatic increase in MSW incineration in 2019/20 through the [[wikipedia:COVID-19 pandemic| pandemic]]. | The historical picture for clinical waste incineration (as defined by [[EWCChap18|EWC chapter 18 codes]]) is shown in the figure below for England only, with relatively little exported to [[R1]] incineration and a dramatic increase in MSW incineration in 2019/20 through the [[wikipedia:COVID-19 pandemic| pandemic]]. | ||
[[File:Clinical Waste Incineration Graph.png|600px|center|Graph of Clinical Waste to Incineration all rights reserved Monksleigh]] | [[File:Clinical Waste Incineration Graph.png|600px|center|Graph of Clinical Waste to Incineration all rights reserved Monksleigh]] | ||
==Sites== | ==Sites== | ||
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Out of all [[Residual Waste EFW]] sites, 21 received [[Clinical Waste]] in 2019 and/or 2018, with some, such as [[Tyseley ERF]], having a long history of receiving [[Clinical Waste]] and others currently applying to accept [[Clinical Waste]] in the longer term, such as [[Sheffield ERF]] which has applied for a [[Environmental Permit|permit]] amendment to handle 10,000 tonnes per year of orange bag [[Healthcare Waste|healthcare waste]]<ref>[https://www.letsrecycle.com/news/latest-news/veolia-says-efw-pivotal-for-clinical-waste/ Letsrecycle Article</ref>, to enable continued receipt of this waste after RPS C23 expires. | |||
==Reporting== | ==Reporting== | ||