Batteries: Difference between revisions

From Wikiwaste
← Older edit
VisualWikitext
Bin52 (talk | contribs)
authour, banneredit
3,667 edits
add new link
 
(20 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
[[Category:Tonnage & Waste Types]][[Category:Targets & Metrics]]
[[File:Batteries Picture.jpg|300px|left|Picture of portable waste batteries - source sisw.org]]__TOC__
<br clear='left'/>
== Overview ==
== Overview ==
Manufacturers, importers, distributors and retailers have an [[Extended Producer Responsibility]] <ref>[https://www.gov.uk/guidance/waste-batteries-producer-responsibility gov.uk website Waste batteries:producer responsibility]</ref> for batteries in order to control their levels of mercury, cadmium and lead, assist their recycling through clear labelling and ensure that on disposal they are properly treated and recycled, rather than being sent for incineration or to landfill, both of which are illegal <ref>[https://www.gov.uk/guidance/regulations-batteries-and-waste-batteries gov.uk website: Regulations: batteries and waste batteries]</ref>
Manufacturers, importers, distributors and retailers have an Extended [[Producer Responsibility]] <ref>[https://www.gov.uk/guidance/waste-batteries-producer-responsibility gov.uk website Waste batteries:producer responsibility]</ref> for [[Batteries]] in order to control their levels of mercury, cadmium and lead, assist their recycling through clear labelling and ensure that on disposal they are properly treated and recycled, rather than being sent for incineration or to landfill, both of which are illegal <ref>[https://www.gov.uk/guidance/regulations-batteries-and-waste-batteries gov.uk website: Regulations: batteries and waste batteries]</ref>


The Regulations <ref> The underpinning legislation is: [[The Batteries and Accumulators (Placing on the Market) Regulations 2008 (as amended)]] and the [[Waste Batteries and Accumulators Regulations 2009 (as amended)]] </ref> cover all batteries, regardless of whether they are in products and divided into:
The Regulations <ref> The underpinning legislation is: [[The Batteries and Accumulators (Placing on the Market) Regulations 2008 (as amended)]] and the [[Waste Batteries and Accumulators Regulations 2009 (as amended)]] </ref> cover all batteries, regardless of whether they are in products and divided into:
*An automotive battery
*A '''portable''' battery (sealed, weighs less than 4kg, not industrial or automotive, with a collection rate target of 45%)
*An industrial battery
*An '''industrial''' battery (designed exclusively for industrial or professional purposes, used as a source of power for propulsion in an electric or hybrid vehicle, unsealed but is not automotive, sealed but is not portable)
*A portable battery
*An '''automotive''' battery (used as automotive starter, lighting or ignition power)
Guidance was issued in August 2022 on classifying portable and industrial batteries by the [[EA]]<ref>https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/classifying-portable-and-industrial-batteries</ref>.


The sections that follow on battery types only breakdown two types of batteries - representing that reported by [[WasteDataFlow]] managed by local authorities.
The sections that follow on battery types only breakdown two types of batteries - representing that reported by [[WasteDataFlow]] managed by local authorities.
== Macro Tonnages ==
== Macro Tonnages ==
The most recent information published by DEFRA <ref>[https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/digest-of-waste-and-resource-statistics-2018-edition Digest of Waste Resources 2018] reporting data from 2016</ref> <ref>[https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/uk-waste-data UK Statistics on Waste 2019] updating some of the 2018 Digest with 2017 data</ref> is summarized in the pie chart below, showing 128,303 tonnes of batteries and accumulators generated in the UK in 2016 and is part of the broader tonnage summarized in [[UK Waste Tonnage]]:
The most recent information published by DEFRA <ref>[https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/uk-waste-data Digest of Waste Resources 2020]</ref> <ref>[https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/env23-uk-waste-data-and-management UK Statistics on Waste 2020] </ref> is summarized in the pie chart below, showing 128,303 tonnes of batteries and accumulators generated in the UK in 2016 and is part of the broader tonnage summarized in [[UK Waste Tonnage]]:
[[File:Batteries and Accumulators pie chart.png|frame|center|Batteries and Accumulators - Tonnage Reported as Generated by DEFRA in 2016]]
{| class="wikitable"
The macro picture does not breakdown into the respective types of batteries but recent reports <ref> [https://www.letsrecycle.com/news/latest-news/concern-uk-struggle-battery-recycling-target/ Letsrecycle news item August 2018] </ref> suggest that 17,427 tonnes of batteries were collected in 2017 achieving a 44.89% collection rate against the 45% collection target with a high reliance on lead acid batteries.
|-
! colspan="2"|Batteries and Accumulators
|-
| colspan="2"|{{Graph:MaterialPie|Width=200|Height=200|size=200|offset=175|val1=4906|val2=533|val3=3028|val4=0|val5=109442|val6=10395}}
|-
! colspan="2"|Data Table
|-
| Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (AFF)
| style="text-align:right;"|4,906
|-
| Mining and Quarrying (MQ)
| style="text-align:right;"|533
|-
| Industrial (Ind)
| style="text-align:right;" | 3,028
|-
| Construction (Con)
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
|-
| Commercial (Com)
| style="text-align:right;" | 109,442
|-
| Household (HH)
| style="text-align:right;" |10,395
|}
 
The macro picture does not breakdown into the respective types of batteries but the National Packaging Waste Database<ref>https://npwd.environment-agency.gov.uk/Public/Batteries/PublishedReports.aspx</ref> reports the data for portable batteries and the performance against the UK collection rate target of 45%. In the most recently reported year 2021 for portable batteries the UK (which will be provisional until May 2022):
* 43,754 tonnes of portable batteries were placed on the market by 595 scheme members
* 18,292 tonnes of portable waste batteries were collected:
** 14,101 tonnes were lead/acid batteries (77%)
**324 tonnes were nickel/cadmium batteries (2%)
**3,867 tonnes were other types of batteries (21%)
* 18,466 tonnes were delivered for [[treatment]] and battery evidence were accepted for a similar tonnage
* 45.88% UK collection rate achieved (in some previous years this target has not been met, for example in 2017 a 44.89% figure was achieved<ref> [https://www.letsrecycle.com/news/latest-news/concern-uk-struggle-battery-recycling-target/ Letsrecycle news item August 2018] </ref>.


The macro numbers are therefroe distorted by the broader category that it represents, and the tonnage in the following sections managed by local authorities represent around 10,000 tonnes out of around 17,000 tonnes (notwithstanding the difference in dates of the data reported).
The macro numbers are therefore distorted by the broader category that it represents, and the tonnage in the following sections managed by local authorities represent around 10,000 tonnes out of around 17,000 tonnes (notwithstanding the difference in dates of the data reported).


== Automotive Batteries ==
== Automotive Batteries ==
Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 7500 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator.
Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 5000 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator.
{{#clear_external_data:}}
{{#clear_external_data:}}
{{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='Automotive Batteries' and tonnage >= 7500|order by=tonnage desc|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage}}
{{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='Automotive Batteries' and tonnage >= 5000|order by=tonnage desc|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}}
{| class=wikitable
{| class=wikitable
! Authority
! Authority
Line 26: Line 63:
! Address
! Address
! Material
! Material
! Tonnes {{#for_external_table:<nowiki/>
! Tonnes
{{!}}-
! Reporting Period
{{!}} [[{{{authority}}}]]
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable‎|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}}
{{!}} [[{{{stream}}}]]
{{!}} [[{{{type}}}]]
{{!}} [[{{{operator}}}]]
{{!}} {{{address}}}
{{!}} [[{{{material}}}]]
{{!}} {{{tonnage}}}
}}
|}
|}


== Post Consumer, Non-automotive Batteries ==
== Post Consumer, Non-automotive Batteries ==
Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 2000 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator.
Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 1000 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator.
{{#clear_external_data:}}
{{#clear_external_data:}}
{{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='Post Consumer, Non-automotive Batteries' and tonnage >= 0|order by=tonnage desc|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage}}
{{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='Post consumer, non automotive batteries' and tonnage >= 1000|order by=tonnage desc|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}}
{| class=wikitable
{| class=wikitable
! Authority
! Authority
Line 49: Line 79:
! Address
! Address
! Material
! Material
! Tonnes {{#for_external_table:<nowiki/>
! Tonnes
{{!}}-
! Reporting Period
{{!}} [[{{{authority}}}]]
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable‎|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}}
{{!}} [[{{{stream}}}]]
{{!}} [[{{{type}}}]]
{{!}} [[{{{operator}}}]]
{{!}} {{{address}}}
{{!}} [[{{{material}}}]]
{{!}} {{{tonnage}}}
}}
|}
|}


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 15:55, 2 September 2022

Picture of portable waste batteries - source sisw.org
Picture of portable waste batteries - source sisw.org


Overview

Manufacturers, importers, distributors and retailers have an Extended Producer Responsibility [1] for Batteries in order to control their levels of mercury, cadmium and lead, assist their recycling through clear labelling and ensure that on disposal they are properly treated and recycled, rather than being sent for incineration or to landfill, both of which are illegal [2]

The Regulations [3] cover all batteries, regardless of whether they are in products and divided into:

  • A portable battery (sealed, weighs less than 4kg, not industrial or automotive, with a collection rate target of 45%)
  • An industrial battery (designed exclusively for industrial or professional purposes, used as a source of power for propulsion in an electric or hybrid vehicle, unsealed but is not automotive, sealed but is not portable)
  • An automotive battery (used as automotive starter, lighting or ignition power)

Guidance was issued in August 2022 on classifying portable and industrial batteries by the EA[4].

The sections that follow on battery types only breakdown two types of batteries - representing that reported by WasteDataFlow managed by local authorities.

Macro Tonnages

The most recent information published by DEFRA [5] [6] is summarized in the pie chart below, showing 128,303 tonnes of batteries and accumulators generated in the UK in 2016 and is part of the broader tonnage summarized in UK Waste Tonnage:

Batteries and Accumulators
<graph> 
   {
       "version": 2,
       "width": 100,
       "height": 100,
       "data": [
         {
           "name": "table",
           "values": [
               {"name":"AFF","value":4906},
               {"name":"MQ","value":533},
               {"name":"Ind","value":3028},
               {"name":"Con","value":0},
               {"name":"Com","value":109442},
               {"name":"HH","value":10395}
               ],
           "transform": [{"type": "pie","field": "value"}]
         }
       ],
       "scales": [
         {
           "name": "r",
           "type":"sqrt",
           "domain": {"data": "table","field": "value"},
           "range": [20,200]
         },
         {
             "name":"color",
             "type":"ordinal",
             "domain":{"data":"table","field":"name"},
             "range":"category10"
         }
       ],
       "marks": [
         {
           "type": "arc",
           "from": {"data": "table"},
           "properties": {
             "enter": {
               "x": {"field": {"group": "width"},"mult": 0.5},
               "y": {"field": {"group": "height"},"mult": 0.5},
               "startAngle": {"field": "layout_start"},
               "endAngle": {"field": "layout_end"},
               "innerRadius": {"value": 20},
               "outerRadius": {"scale": "r","field": "value"},
               "stroke": {"value": "#fff"},
               "fill":{"scale":"color","field":"name"}
             }
           }
         }
       ],
       "legends":[{
           "fill":"color",
           "title":"",
           "offset": 175,
           "properties":{
               "symbols":{
                   "strokeWidth":{"value":0},
                   "shape":{"value":"square"},
                   "size":{"value":175}
               }
           }
       }]
     }

</graph>

Data Table
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing (AFF) 4,906
Mining and Quarrying (MQ) 533
Industrial (Ind) 3,028
Construction (Con) 0
Commercial (Com) 109,442
Household (HH) 10,395

The macro picture does not breakdown into the respective types of batteries but the National Packaging Waste Database[7] reports the data for portable batteries and the performance against the UK collection rate target of 45%. In the most recently reported year 2021 for portable batteries the UK (which will be provisional until May 2022):

  • 43,754 tonnes of portable batteries were placed on the market by 595 scheme members
  • 18,292 tonnes of portable waste batteries were collected:
    • 14,101 tonnes were lead/acid batteries (77%)
    • 324 tonnes were nickel/cadmium batteries (2%)
    • 3,867 tonnes were other types of batteries (21%)
  • 18,466 tonnes were delivered for treatment and battery evidence were accepted for a similar tonnage
  • 45.88% UK collection rate achieved (in some previous years this target has not been met, for example in 2017 a 44.89% figure was achieved[8].

The macro numbers are therefore distorted by the broader category that it represents, and the tonnage in the following sections managed by local authorities represent around 10,000 tonnes out of around 17,000 tonnes (notwithstanding the difference in dates of the data reported).

Automotive Batteries

Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 5000 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator.


Authority Stream Facility Operator Address Material Tonnes Reporting Period
Merseyside WDA (MBC) Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) S Norton & Co Ltd Bankfield House, Bankfield Mill, Regent Road, Liverpool, Merseyside Automotive batteries 17,486.76 Apr21 - Mar22
Devon County Council Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Sims Group Uk Ltd 7 Christow Road, Marsh Barton Ind Est, Exeter, Devon Automotive batteries 10,490.73 Apr21 - Mar22
Swindon Borough Council Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Jeremy Mark Freeth Kingshill Recycling Centre, Cricklade, Swindon, Wiltshire Automotive batteries 8,326.98 Apr21 - Mar22
Somerset Waste Partnership Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) J C Thomas & Sons Ltd Thomas Way, Glastonbury, Somerset Automotive batteries 7,336.43 Apr21 - Mar22
East Sussex County Council Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) M D J Light Bros ( Scrap Processors ) Ltd Greystone Quarry, Southerham, Lewes, East Sussex Automotive batteries 6,150.33 Apr21 - Mar22
Essex County Council Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Total Waste Management Ltd Randalls Works, Woodside, Thornwood Common, Epping, Essex Automotive batteries 5,496.87 Apr21 - Mar22
Hertfordshire County Council Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Nationwide Metal Recycling Ltd Bridge Works, Cadwell Lane, Hitchin, Hertfordshire Automotive batteries 5,481.33 Apr21 - Mar22
Gloucestershire County Council Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Smiths ( Gloucester ) Ltd The Old Airfield, Moreton Valence, Gloucestershire Automotive batteries 5,161.63 Apr21 - Mar22

Post Consumer, Non-automotive Batteries

Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 1000 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator.


Authority Stream Facility Operator Address Material Tonnes Reporting Period
Norfolk County Council Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Wiser Recycling Ltd St lves Resource Recovery Facility, Caxton Road, St lves, Cornwall Post consumer, non automotive batteries 4,205.06 Apr21 - Mar22
Kent County Council Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Ling Metals Ltd Parham Rd, Riverdale Industrial Esta, Canterbury, Kent Post consumer, non automotive batteries 3,285.40 Apr21 - Mar22
Lincolnshire County Council Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Sims Group U K Ltd South Dock, Westway Road, Newport Docks, Newport, Gwent Post consumer, non automotive batteries 2,323.41 Apr21 - Mar22
Ceredigion County Council Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) L A S Waste Ltd L A S Waste, Tregaron Road, Lampeter, Ceredigion Post consumer, non automotive batteries 1,675.12 Apr21 - Mar22
Bromley LB Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Multiple destinations Multiple Post consumer, non automotive batteries 1,500.94 Apr21 - Mar22
East Ayrshire Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Not Available Not Available Post consumer, non automotive batteries 1,132.09 Jan21 - Dec21
Angus Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Not Available Not Available Post consumer, non automotive batteries 1,089.12 Jan21 - Dec21

References

  1. ↑ gov.uk website Waste batteries:producer responsibility
  2. ↑ gov.uk website: Regulations: batteries and waste batteries
  3. ↑ The underpinning legislation is: The Batteries and Accumulators (Placing on the Market) Regulations 2008 (as amended) and the Waste Batteries and Accumulators Regulations 2009 (as amended)
  4. ↑ https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/classifying-portable-and-industrial-batteries
  5. ↑ Digest of Waste Resources 2020
  6. ↑ UK Statistics on Waste 2020
  7. ↑ https://npwd.environment-agency.gov.uk/Public/Batteries/PublishedReports.aspx
  8. ↑ Letsrecycle news item August 2018
Retrieved from ‘https://wikiwaste.org.uk/index.php?title=Batteries&oldid=22422’