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[[Category:Tonnage & Waste Types]]
[[Paper & Card]] wastes include any single one or mixture of the following: Paper, card, board, board/plastic composites and other paper composite products. The macro paper & card tonnage reported by [[DEFRA]] for the UK in 2020 was 7,715,870 tonnes. Most of this waste arises from offices and packaging<ref name="foo" >DEFRA, 2011. [http://adlib.everysite.co.uk/adlib/defra/content.aspx?id=000IL3890W.19N07QC5PF26XN ARCHIVE: Waste Management Advisor - Paper and card (clean).] [online] adlib.everysite.co.uk. [Accessed 5 Dec. 2019].</ref>.
[[File:Paper-recycling-plant-2.jpg|300px|left|Recycled cardboard in bales]]__TOC__
<br clear='left'/>
== Macro Tonnages ==
The most recent information published by [[DEFRA]] <ref>[https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/env23-uk-waste-data-and-management UK Statistics on Waste 2020]</ref> is based on 2020 data and is summarised in the pie chart below, with
7,715,870 tonnes of paper & cardboard wastes generated in the UK in 2020 as part of the broader tonnage reported in [[UK Waste Tonnage]]:
[[File:Paper & Card.png|800px|center|frameless]]
The macro numbers above under report the total paper & card put into the market as the macro numbers exclude tonnage in mixed categories including [[Residual Waste|residual waste]]. The macro numbers also do not breakdown the component elements of paper & card.
== Overview ==
== Overview ==
== Macro Tonnages ==
[[Paper & Card]] is essentially derived from trees and so, if it is to be sustainable, paper and card waste should be recycled so the rate at which these materials are used does not exceed the rate at which the trees can grow<ref name="foo" />. 
The most recent information published by DEFRA is summarized in the pie chart below, with 6,989,853 tonnes of paper & cardboard wastes generated in the UK in 2016:
 
[[File:Paper & Cardboard Pie Chart.png|frame|center|Paper & Cardboard - Tonnage Reported as Generated by DEFRA in 2016]]
In addition to recycling, a significant portion of paper and card waste is sent to [[Energy Recovery Facility|energy recovery facilities]] as part of the waste mix where [[recycling]] has not fully recovered the material. Where this material is in the waste mix and sent to [[Energy Recovery Facility|energy recovery facilities]] it is counted as [[Biomass]]/Renewable content.
== Books ==
 
== Card ==
Each time Paper & Card is [[recycling|recycled]] the fibre length shortens, resulting in a progressive use towards lower grades of Paper & Card products over time.
== Mixed Paper &Card ==
 
== Paper ==
==Categories==
== Yellow Pages ==
The grouping of Paper & Card is a broad category but captures a wide range of different specific categories/types within the [[recycling]] sector that essentially specializes in the [[recycling]] and the national and international trading of the fibre (from the different types) back into paper and cardboard (and to some degree the value of fibre in recycled paper and card types links back the value and availability of fibre derived from trees and wood).
===Simpler Recycling Categories===
Under [[Simpler Recycling]]<ref>https://www.gov.uk/government/news/simpler-recycling-collections-and-tougher-regulation-to-reform-waste-system</ref> [[Paper & Card|Paper and Card]] is defined as all paper and card except:
* Paper and card that contains glitter or foil
* Paper that is laminated
* Stickers and sticky paper
* Padded lined envelopes
* Paperback and hardback books
* Wallpaper
===Paper and Card Sale Grades===
Whilst the macro split is into essentially into [[Paper & Card]], the businesses specialising in these material trade in the wider markets which have a global influence. Categories and grades might include, for example:
*Mixed Papers
*'''Old [[KLS]]''' (also sometimes combined with [[OCC]])
*'''[[NEWS and PAMS]]'''
*'''[[OCC]] 11''' (grade 11)
*Over Issue
*Best White No.2
*Sorted Office Waste
===EU Grades===
A European list of standard grades of paper and board is captured in EN 643 which was revised in 2013<ref>[https://www.pita.org.uk/images/PDF/CEPI_EN_643_Documentation.pdf Guidance on the Revised EN643]</ref>. There are 5 groups that fall with in the definition of 'Paper and Board for Recycling', further defined as ''natural fibre-based paper and board suitable for recycling; consisting of paper and board in any shape or product made predominately from paper and board, which may include other constituents that cannot be removed by dry sorting, such as coatings, laminates, spiral bindings etc''. The Groups under EN 643 are:
# Ordinary Grades
# Medium Grades
# High Grades
# Kraft Grades
# Special Grades
 
==Local Authority Tonnages==
The following headers are the materials as handled by [[Local Authority|local authorities]] and as reported through [[WasteDataFlow]].
===Books===
Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 500 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator.
{{#clear_external_data:}}
{{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='Books' and tonnage >= 500|order by=tonnage desc|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}}
{| class=wikitable
! Authority
! Stream
! Facility
! Operator
! Address
! Material
! Tonnes
! Reporting Period
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable‎|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}}
|}
===Card===
Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 10000 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator.
{{#clear_external_data:}}
{{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='Card' and tonnage >= 10000|order by=tonnage desc|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}}
{| class=wikitable
! Authority
! Stream
! Facility
! Operator
! Address
! Material
! Tonnes
! Reporting Period
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable‎|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}}
|}
===Mixed Paper & Card===
Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 5000 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator.
{{#clear_external_data:}}
{{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='Mixed Paper and Card' and tonnage >= 10000|order by=tonnage desc|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}}
{| class=wikitable
! Authority
! Stream
! Facility
! Operator
! Address
! Material
! Tonnes
! Reporting Period
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable‎|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}}
|}
===Paper===
Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 7000 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator.
{{#clear_external_data:}}
{{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='Paper' and tonnage >= 7000|order by=tonnage desc|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}}
{| class=wikitable
! Authority
! Stream
! Facility
! Operator
! Address
! Material
! Tonnes
! Reporting Period
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable‎|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}}
|}
 
== References ==
== References ==
<references />

Latest revision as of 17:35, 17 April 2025

Paper & Card wastes include any single one or mixture of the following: Paper, card, board, board/plastic composites and other paper composite products. The macro paper & card tonnage reported by DEFRA for the UK in 2020 was 7,715,870 tonnes. Most of this waste arises from offices and packaging[1].

Recycled cardboard in bales
Recycled cardboard in bales


Macro Tonnages

The most recent information published by DEFRA [2] is based on 2020 data and is summarised in the pie chart below, with 7,715,870 tonnes of paper & cardboard wastes generated in the UK in 2020 as part of the broader tonnage reported in UK Waste Tonnage:

The macro numbers above under report the total paper & card put into the market as the macro numbers exclude tonnage in mixed categories including residual waste. The macro numbers also do not breakdown the component elements of paper & card.

Overview

Paper & Card is essentially derived from trees and so, if it is to be sustainable, paper and card waste should be recycled so the rate at which these materials are used does not exceed the rate at which the trees can grow[1].

In addition to recycling, a significant portion of paper and card waste is sent to energy recovery facilities as part of the waste mix where recycling has not fully recovered the material. Where this material is in the waste mix and sent to energy recovery facilities it is counted as Biomass/Renewable content.

Each time Paper & Card is recycled the fibre length shortens, resulting in a progressive use towards lower grades of Paper & Card products over time.

Categories

The grouping of Paper & Card is a broad category but captures a wide range of different specific categories/types within the recycling sector that essentially specializes in the recycling and the national and international trading of the fibre (from the different types) back into paper and cardboard (and to some degree the value of fibre in recycled paper and card types links back the value and availability of fibre derived from trees and wood).

Simpler Recycling Categories

Under Simpler Recycling[3] Paper and Card is defined as all paper and card except:

  • Paper and card that contains glitter or foil
  • Paper that is laminated
  • Stickers and sticky paper
  • Padded lined envelopes
  • Paperback and hardback books
  • Wallpaper

Paper and Card Sale Grades

Whilst the macro split is into essentially into Paper & Card, the businesses specialising in these material trade in the wider markets which have a global influence. Categories and grades might include, for example:

  • Mixed Papers
  • Old KLS (also sometimes combined with OCC)
  • NEWS and PAMS
  • OCC 11 (grade 11)
  • Over Issue
  • Best White No.2
  • Sorted Office Waste

EU Grades

A European list of standard grades of paper and board is captured in EN 643 which was revised in 2013[4]. There are 5 groups that fall with in the definition of 'Paper and Board for Recycling', further defined as natural fibre-based paper and board suitable for recycling; consisting of paper and board in any shape or product made predominately from paper and board, which may include other constituents that cannot be removed by dry sorting, such as coatings, laminates, spiral bindings etc. The Groups under EN 643 are:

  1. Ordinary Grades
  2. Medium Grades
  3. High Grades
  4. Kraft Grades
  5. Special Grades

Local Authority Tonnages

The following headers are the materials as handled by local authorities and as reported through WasteDataFlow.

Books

Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 500 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator.


Authority Stream Facility Operator Address Material Tonnes Reporting Period
Bromley LB Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Multiple destinations Multiple Books 1,537.94 Apr21 - Mar22
West Sussex County Council Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) DS Smith Paper Ltd Kemsley Paper Mill, Kemsley, Sittingbourne, Kent Books 947.36 Apr21 - Mar22
Kingston-upon-Hull City Council Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Other/Exempt JMP WILCOX & CO LTD, BELDRAY WORKS, BELDRAY ROAD BILSTON, WOLVERHAMPTON, WEST MIDLANDS , WV14 7NH Books 713.07 Apr21 - Mar22
Birmingham City Council Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Other/Exempt Books Wilcox Beldray Works, Beldray Road, Bilston, Wolverhampton WV14 7NHTetiles and footwear a number of charities Books 669.23 Apr21 - Mar22
Wandsworth LB Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Other/Exempt Chris Carey's CollectionsRaymond HouseCricket LaneBeckenhamKentBR3 1LW Books 574.99 Apr21 - Mar22
East Riding of Yorkshire Council Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Other/Exempt Wilcox Industrial Supply Co. Beldray Works, Beldray Road Bilston, West Midlands WV14 7NH Books 527.00 Apr21 - Mar22

Card

Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 10000 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator.


Authority Stream Facility Operator Address Material Tonnes Reporting Period
Worcestershire County Council Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Dew Mr David & Dew Mr Jonathan Unit 100, Blackpole Road, Blackpole Trading Estate, Worcester, Worcestershire Card 33,990.98 Apr21 - Mar22
Birmingham City Council Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Smurfit Kappa UK Ltd Mount Street, Nechells, Birmingham Card 18,203.36 Apr21 - Mar22
Bristol City Council Source segregated recyclate Exporter - recycling (qu19) Kier M G Limited Bristol Waste Recycling Facility, Albert Road, St Philips, Bristol, Avon Card 12,732.40 Apr21 - Mar22

Mixed Paper & Card

Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 5000 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator.


Authority Stream Facility Operator Address Material Tonnes Reporting Period

Paper

Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 7000 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator.


Authority Stream Facility Operator Address Material Tonnes Reporting Period
Somerset Waste Partnership Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) DS Smith Paper Ltd Kemsley Paper Mill, Kemsley, Sittingbourne, Kent Paper 9,979.69 Apr21 - Mar22
Lancashire County Council Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Recycling Lives Ltd D1/ D2 Longridge Road, Red Scar Bus Park, Preston, Lancashire Paper 8,725.31 Apr21 - Mar22
Vale of Glamorgan Council Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Cowbridge Compost Ltd The Lodge, Llwynhelig, Gibbots Hill, Cowbridge, Vale Of Glamorgan Paper 8,502.31 Apr21 - Mar22
Pembrokeshire County Council Comingled recyclate Materials recovery facility A J Recycling Ltd Meigan Wells, Blaenfodd, Boncath, Pembrokeshire Paper 7,459.55 Apr21 - Mar22
St Helens MBC Source segregated recyclate Reprocessor - recycling (qu19) Biffa Waste Services Ltd Pocket Nook Resource Management Centre, Pocket Nook Street, St Helens, Warrington, Cheshire Paper 7,451.41 Apr21 - Mar22

References

  1. ↑ Jump up to: 1.0 1.1 DEFRA, 2011. ARCHIVE: Waste Management Advisor - Paper and card (clean). [online] adlib.everysite.co.uk. [Accessed 5 Dec. 2019].
  2. ↑ UK Statistics on Waste 2020
  3. ↑ https://www.gov.uk/government/news/simpler-recycling-collections-and-tougher-regulation-to-reform-waste-system
  4. ↑ Guidance on the Revised EN643
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