Residual Waste EFW: Difference between revisions

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[[Residual Waste]] can be used as a feedstock for [[Energy from Waste]] (EfW) and [[Residual Waste]] is considered as partially renewable or a low carbon energy source as a result of the energy produced from the fraction of [[Residual Waste]] derived from [[Biomass]] that is considered renewable<ref name="foo> Defra, 2014. [https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/24612/pb14130-energy-waste-201402.pdf Energy from Waste: A guide to the debate February 2014 (revised edition).] London.</ref>.

==~~Residual Waste and Energy~~ from ~~Waste~~==

==Operational EfW==

{{#get_db_data: db=engy |from=efwdb |where=status='Operational' |data=site=site,id=id,cap=cap}}

[[Energy from Waste]] is the now the main method for dealing with ~~this type of waste~~, with [[Landfill]] of [[Residual Waste]] being the least preferred method, as outlined in the [[Waste Hierarchy]]<ref name="foo" />.

The following list summarizes all operational [[EfW]] sites that were operational as of January 2020, with limited summary information in the table. More detailed information can be found by clicking through to the site-specific page:

[[File:Location of EfWs in UK.png|600px|right|Locations of Operational residual waste EfWs in the UK]]

{|Class="wikitable"

! ID !! Site Name !! Capacity

{{#for_external_table:<nowiki/>

{{!}}-

{{!}} {{{id}}}.

{{!}} [[{{{site}}}]]

{{!}} {{{cap}}}kt

}}

|}

Summary site information collated from a variety of sources

including: Monksleigh [http://www.monksleigh.com], Tolvik [https://www.tolvik.com], [[EA]], [[SEPA]], [[NRW]], [[DEFRA]], [[BEIS]]

and owner and developer websites.

The map, right, contains the locations of all the sites listed above - please note that due to scale and cartographic limitations some of the numbers in the list might not be shown on the map due to sites being in close proximity, or sites in areas of high density. This does not mean that the site marker is not there. An example of this is Ferrybridge as both FM1 & FM2 are in geographically similar locations, a few 100m apart, and as a result the location markers will appear on top of each other, and as a result one will block the other's numerical id. This also applies to the following maps on sites in construction and planning.

</div>

==Growth in Residual Waste [[EfW]]==

Historically, the UK has been very dependent on [[Landfill]] or [[Incineration]] without energy recovery for [[Disposal]] of [[Residual Waste]]. The landfill diversion targets set in the mid 1990s promoted [[EfW]] developments. The diversion of residual waste away from [[Landfill]] and into [[EfW]] processes reduces emissions of methane and pollution originating from [[Landfill]] sites and increases production of renewable energy<ref name="foo" />. [[Energy from Waste]] is the now the main method for dealing with [[Residual Waste]], with [[Landfill]] of [[Residual Waste]] being the least preferred method, as outlined in the [[Waste Hierarchy]]<ref name="foo" />.

In 2018, the amount of residual waste that was sent to EfW processes in the UK increased by 5.6%, amounting to a total of 11.5 million tonnes being sent to 42 operational EfW facilities across the UK<ref name="foo2>Tolvik Consulting, 2019. [https://www.tolvik.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Tolvik-EfW-Statistics-2018-Report_July-2019-final-amended-version.pdf UK Energy from Waste Statistics – 2018. Gloucestershire.][online] </ref>. This represents 41.8% of the total residual waste produced in the UK in 2018 (increasing from 39.5% in 2017)<ref name="foo2" />. The total power generated from EfW facilities in 2018 was 6,153 GWh, this supplied 1.9% of the total UK power generation, and gives a average of 536 kWh of power generated per tonne of residual waste treated at UK EfW facilities<ref name="foo2" />.

‌

The graph below displays how the tonnage of residual waste processes by UK EfW facilities has changed over recent years.

The graph below displays how the tonnage of residual waste processes by UK EfW facilities has changed over recent years, and excludes sites reported as operational in the previous section that were commissioned in 2019 and early 2020.

{|style="margin: auto;"

|+style="caption-side:bottom;"|Changes in residual waste tonnage processed by EfWs, Graph derived from Tolvik, 2019<ref name="foo2" />

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{|class="wikitable" style="margin: auto;"

|-

|+Data ~~Table~~

|+Table Summarizing Graph Data

|'''Year''' || 2006 || 2007 || 2008 || 2009 || 2010 || 2011 || 2012 || 2013 || 2014 || 2015 || 2016 || 2017 || 2018

|-

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|}

The table below shows the power and heat generation from residual waste EfW facilities in the UK between 2014-2018 (Derived from Tolvik, 2019<ref name="foo2" />).

{|class="wikitable" style="margin: auto;"

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: auto;"

|-

~~! Year !! Net Power Export (GWhe) !! Net Heat Export (GWhth)~~

|-

| ~~2014~~ || ~~3368~~ || NA

|+Power and Heat Table

|-

|'''Year''' || 2014 || 2015 || 2016 || 2017 || 2018

| ~~2015~~ || ~~4636~~ || ~~554~~

|-

| ~~2016~~ || ~~5241~~ || ~~730~~

|'''Net Power Export (GWhe)''' ||3,368||4,636||5,241||6,187||6,153

|-

| ~~2017~~ || ~~6187~~ || 865

|'''Net Heat Export (GWhth''' ||NA||554||730||865||1,112

|-

~~| 2018 || 6153 || 1112~~

|}

Historically, the UK has been very dependent on [[Landfill]] or [[Incineration]] without energy recovery for [[Disposal]] of [[Residual Waste]]. The landfill diversion targets set in the mid 1990s promoted [[EfW]] developments. The diversion of residual waste away from [[Landfill]] and into [[EfW]] processes reduces emissions of methane and pollution originating from [[Landfill]] sites and increases production of renewable energy<ref name="foo" />.

England produced 12.5 million tonnes of [[Residual Waste]] from Households in 2016<ref>Defra, 2018. [https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/710124/Digest_of_Waste_and_Resource_Statistics_2018.pdf Digest of Waste and Resources Statistics - 2018 Edition.] London.</ref>, and it is estimated that there will be an increase in [[EfW]] capacity for [[Residual Waste]] by 2 million tonnes/year by 2022 <ref name="foo3"> Tolvik Consulting, 2017. [http://www.esauk.org/application/files/6015/3589/6453/UK_Residual_Waste_Capacity_Gap_Analysis.pdf UK Residual Waste: 2030 Market Review. Environmental Services Association.]</ref>.

With the increasing social, economic and political drive to Prevent, [[Reuse]] and [[Recycle]] more waste, in line with the [[Waste Hierarchy]] and the [[Circular Economy]] the amount of [[Residual Waste]] is expected to decrease ~~over time~~ in the medium-long term<ref name="foo" />. The exact magnitude of this reduction and the [[Residual Waste]] continuing to need to be delivered to [[EfW]] has been debated at length by different commentators over the last few years.

With the increasing social, economic and political drive to Prevent, [[Reuse]] and [[Recycle]] more waste, in line with the [[Waste Hierarchy]] and the [[Circular Economy]] the amount of [[Residual Waste]] is expected to decrease in the medium to long term<ref name="foo" />. The exact magnitude of this reduction and the [[Residual Waste]] continuing to need to be delivered to [[EfW]] has been debated at length by different commentators over the last few years.

~~==Operational EfW==~~

~~{{#clear_external_data:}}~~

~~{{#get_db_data: db=engy |from=efwdb |where=status='Operational' |data=site=site,id=id,cap=cap}}~~

The map right contains the locations of all the sites listed below, please note that due to scale and cartographic limitations some of the numbers in the list might not be shown on the map due to sites in close proximity, or sites in areas of high density, this does not mean that the site marker is not there. An example of this is Ferrybridge as both FM1 & FM2 are in geographically similar locations a few 100m apart, the location markers will appear on top of each other, and as a result one will block the other's numerical id.

~~[[File:Location of EfWs in UK.png|600px|right|Locations of Operational residual waste EfWs in the UK]]~~

~~{|Class="wikitable"~~

~~! ID !! Site Name !! Capacity~~

~~{{#for_external_table:<nowiki/>~~

~~{{!}}-~~

~~{{!}} {{{id}}}.~~

~~{{!}} [[{{{site}}}]]~~

~~{{!}} {{{cap}}}kt~~

}}

|}

==Under Construction EfW==

{{#get_db_data: db=engy |from=efwdb |where=status='Under Construction' OR status='Comissioning' |data=site=site,id=id,cap=cap}}

The following list summarizes all [[EfW]] sites that were under construction January 2020, with limited summary information in the table. Note the capacity exceeds the estimated growth of 2,000,000 tonnes reported in the previous section (historically there have been some plants that have not passed from construction to operation due to commissioning issues but this is not a reflection that some of the plants below will not reach operation, merely a refection of different data sources and time frames for reporting capacity). More detailed information can be found by clicking through to the site-specific page:

[[File:Under Construction EfW UK.png|600px|right|Under Construction EfW within the UK.]]

{|Class="wikitable"

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Line 137:

|}

Summary site information collated from a variety of sources

including: Monksleigh [http://www.monksleigh.com], Tolvik [https://www.tolvik.com], [[EA]], [[SEPA]], [[NRW]], [[DEFRA]], [[BEIS]]

and owner and developer websites

</div>

==In Planning EfW==

{{#get_db_data: db=engy |from=efwdb |where=status='Planning' |data=site=site,id=id,cap=cap}}

The following list summarizes all [[EfW]] sites that were in the planning process as at January 2020, with summary capacity shown in the table. In some cases planned capacity replaces existing sites, and no comment or note is made on those plants whose planning consent may have expired due to not being implemented within consented time limits, or the likelihood of them moving from this stage into construction.

[[File:Efwplan.png|600px|right|EfW Sites within UK in Planning]]

{|Class="wikitable"

Line 151:

Line 156:

|}

Summary site information collated from a variety of sources

including: Monksleigh [http://www.monksleigh.com], Tolvik [https://www.tolvik.com], [[EA]], [[SEPA]], [[NRW]], [[DEFRA]], [[BEIS]]

and owner and developer websites

</div>

==References==

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 [[Residual Waste]] can be used as a feedstock for [[Energy from Waste]] (EfW) and [[Residual Waste]] is considered as partially renewable or a low carbon energy source as a result of the energy produced from the fraction of [[Residual Waste]] derived from [[Biomass]] that is considered renewable<ref name="foo> Defra, 2014. [https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/24612/pb14130-energy-waste-201402.pdf Energy from Waste: A guide to the debate February 2014 (revised edition).] London.</ref>.
-==Residual Waste and Energy from Waste==
+==Operational EfW==
+{{#clear_external_data:}}
+{{#get_db_data: db=engy |from=efwdb |where=status='Operational' |data=site=site,id=id,cap=cap}}
-[[Energy from Waste]] is the now the main method for dealing with this type of waste, with [[Landfill]] of [[Residual Waste]] being the least preferred method, as outlined in the [[Waste Hierarchy]]<ref name="foo" />.
+The following list summarizes all operational [[EfW]] sites that were operational as of January 2020, with limited summary information in the table. More detailed information can be found by clicking through to the site-specific page:
+[[File:Location of EfWs in UK.png|600px|right|Locations of Operational residual waste EfWs in the UK]]
+{|Class="wikitable"
+! ID !! Site Name !! Capacity
+{{#for_external_table:<nowiki/>
+{{!}}-
+{{!}} {{{id}}}.
+{{!}} [[{{{site}}}]]
+{{!}} {{{cap}}}kt
+}}
+|}
+Summary site information collated from a variety of sources<br />
+including: Monksleigh [http://www.monksleigh.com], Tolvik [https://www.tolvik.com], [[EA]], [[SEPA]], [[NRW]], [[DEFRA]], [[BEIS]] <br />
+and owner and developer websites</small>.
+The map, right, contains the locations of all the sites listed above - please note that due to scale and cartographic limitations some of the numbers in the list might not be shown on the map due to sites being in close proximity, or sites in areas of high density. This does not mean that the site marker is not there. An example of this is Ferrybridge as both FM1 & FM2 are in geographically similar locations, a few 100m apart, and as a result the location markers will appear on top of each other, and as a result one will block the other's numerical id. This also applies to the following maps on sites in construction and planning.
+</div>
+==Growth in Residual Waste [[EfW]]==
+Historically, the UK has been very dependent on [[Landfill]] or [[Incineration]] without energy recovery for [[Disposal]] of [[Residual Waste]]. The landfill diversion targets set in the mid 1990s promoted [[EfW]] developments. The diversion of residual waste away from [[Landfill]] and into [[EfW]] processes reduces emissions of methane and pollution originating from [[Landfill]] sites and increases production of renewable energy<ref name="foo" />. [[Energy from Waste]] is the now the main method for dealing with [[Residual Waste]], with [[Landfill]] of [[Residual Waste]] being the least preferred method, as outlined in the [[Waste Hierarchy]]<ref name="foo" />.
 In 2018, the amount of residual waste that was sent to EfW processes in the UK increased by 5.6%, amounting to a total of 11.5 million tonnes being sent to 42 operational EfW facilities across the UK<ref name="foo2>Tolvik Consulting, 2019. [https://www.tolvik.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Tolvik-EfW-Statistics-2018-Report_July-2019-final-amended-version.pdf UK Energy from Waste Statistics – 2018. Gloucestershire.][online] </ref>. This represents 41.8% of the total residual waste produced in the UK in 2018 (increasing from 39.5% in 2017)<ref name="foo2" />. The total power generated from EfW facilities in 2018 was 6,153 GWh, this supplied 1.9% of the total UK power generation, and gives a average of 536 kWh of power generated per tonne of residual waste treated at UK EfW facilities<ref name="foo2" />.
 ‌
-The graph below displays how the tonnage of residual waste processes by UK EfW facilities has changed over recent years.
+The graph below displays how the tonnage of residual waste processes by UK EfW facilities has changed over recent years, and excludes sites reported as operational in the previous section that were commissioned in 2019 and early 2020.
 {|style="margin: auto;"
 |+style="caption-side:bottom;"|Changes in residual waste tonnage processed by EfWs, Graph derived from Tolvik, 2019<ref name="foo2" />
@@ Line 75: / Line 96: @@
 {|class="wikitable" style="margin: auto;"
 |-
-|+Data Table
+|+Table Summarizing Graph Data
 |'''Year''' || 2006 || 2007 || 2008 || 2009 || 2010 || 2011 || 2012 || 2013 || 2014 || 2015 || 2016 || 2017 || 2018
 |-
@@ Line 81: / Line 102: @@
 |}
 |}
 The table below shows the power and heat generation from residual waste EfW facilities in the UK between 2014-2018 (Derived from Tolvik, 2019<ref name="foo2" />).
+{|class="wikitable" style="margin: auto;"
-{| class="wikitable" style="margin: auto;"
-|-
-! Year !! Net Power Export (GWh<sub>e</sub>) !! Net Heat Export (GWh<sub>th</sub>)
 |-
-| 2014 || 3368 || NA
+|+Power and Heat Table
-|-
+|'''Year''' || 2014 || 2015 || 2016 || 2017 || 2018
-| 2015 || 4636 || 554
 |-
-| 2016 || 5241 || 730
+|'''Net Power Export (GWh<sub>e</sub>)''' ||3,368||4,636||5,241||6,187||6,153
 |-
-| 2017 || 6187 || 865
+|'''Net Heat Export (GWh<sub>th</sub>''' ||NA||554||730||865||1,112
 |-
-| 2018 || 6153 || 1112
 |}
-Historically, the UK has been very dependent on [[Landfill]] or [[Incineration]] without energy recovery for [[Disposal]] of [[Residual Waste]]. The landfill diversion targets set in the mid 1990s promoted [[EfW]] developments. The diversion of residual waste away from [[Landfill]] and into [[EfW]] processes reduces emissions of methane and pollution originating from [[Landfill]] sites and increases production of renewable energy<ref name="foo" />.
 England produced 12.5 million tonnes of [[Residual Waste]] from Households in 2016<ref>Defra, 2018. [https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/710124/Digest_of_Waste_and_Resource_Statistics_2018.pdf Digest of Waste and Resources Statistics - 2018 Edition.] London.</ref>, and it is estimated that there will be an increase in [[EfW]] capacity for [[Residual Waste]] by 2 million tonnes/year by 2022 <ref name="foo3"> Tolvik Consulting, 2017. [http://www.esauk.org/application/files/6015/3589/6453/UK_Residual_Waste_Capacity_Gap_Analysis.pdf UK Residual Waste: 2030 Market Review. Environmental Services Association.]</ref>.
-With the increasing social, economic and political drive to Prevent, [[Reuse]] and [[Recycle]] more waste, in line with the [[Waste Hierarchy]] and the [[Circular Economy]] the amount of [[Residual Waste]] is expected to decrease over time in the medium-long term<ref name="foo" />. The exact magnitude of this reduction and the [[Residual Waste]] continuing to need to be delivered to [[EfW]] has been debated at length by different commentators over the last few years.
+With the increasing social, economic and political drive to Prevent, [[Reuse]] and [[Recycle]] more waste, in line with the [[Waste Hierarchy]] and the [[Circular Economy]] the amount of [[Residual Waste]] is expected to decrease in the medium to long term<ref name="foo" />. The exact magnitude of this reduction and the [[Residual Waste]] continuing to need to be delivered to [[EfW]] has been debated at length by different commentators over the last few years.
-==Operational EfW==
-{{#clear_external_data:}}
-{{#get_db_data: db=engy |from=efwdb |where=status='Operational' |data=site=site,id=id,cap=cap}}
-The map right contains the locations of all the sites listed below, please note that due to scale and cartographic limitations some of the numbers in the list might not be shown on the map due to sites in close proximity, or sites in areas of high density, this does not mean that the site marker is not there. An example of this is Ferrybridge as both FM1 & FM2 are in geographically similar locations a few 100m apart, the location markers will appear on top of each other, and as a result one will block the other's numerical id.
-[[File:Location of EfWs in UK.png|600px|right|Locations of Operational residual waste EfWs in the UK]]
-{|Class="wikitable"
-! ID !! Site Name !! Capacity
-{{#for_external_table:<nowiki/>
-{{!}}-
-{{!}} {{{id}}}.
-{{!}} [[{{{site}}}]]
-{{!}} {{{cap}}}kt
-}}
-|}
 ==Under Construction EfW==
 {{#clear_external_data:}}
 {{#get_db_data: db=engy |from=efwdb |where=status='Under Construction' OR status='Comissioning' |data=site=site,id=id,cap=cap}}
+The following list summarizes all [[EfW]] sites that were under construction January 2020, with limited summary information in the table. Note the capacity exceeds the estimated growth of 2,000,000 tonnes reported in the previous section (historically there have been some plants that have not passed from construction to operation due to commissioning issues but this is not a reflection that some of the plants below will not reach operation, merely a refection of different data sources and time frames for reporting capacity). More detailed information can be found by clicking through to the site-specific page:
 [[File:Under Construction EfW UK.png|600px|right|Under Construction EfW within the UK.]]
 {|Class="wikitable"
@@ Line 136: / Line 137: @@
 |}
 <br clear=all />
+Summary site information collated from a variety of sources<br />
+including: Monksleigh [http://www.monksleigh.com], Tolvik [https://www.tolvik.com], [[EA]], [[SEPA]], [[NRW]], [[DEFRA]], [[BEIS]] <br />
+and owner and developer websites</small>
+</div>
 ==In Planning EfW==
 {{#clear_external_data:}}
 {{#get_db_data: db=engy |from=efwdb |where=status='Planning' |data=site=site,id=id,cap=cap}}
+The following list summarizes all [[EfW]] sites that were in the planning process as at January 2020, with summary capacity shown in the table. In some cases planned capacity replaces existing sites, and no comment or note is made on those plants whose planning consent may have expired due to not being implemented within consented time limits, or the likelihood of them moving from this stage into construction.
 [[File:Efwplan.png|600px|right|EfW Sites within UK in Planning]]
 {|Class="wikitable"
@@ Line 151: / Line 156: @@
 |}
 <br clear=all />
+Summary site information collated from a variety of sources<br />
+including: Monksleigh [http://www.monksleigh.com], Tolvik [https://www.tolvik.com], [[EA]], [[SEPA]], [[NRW]], [[DEFRA]], [[BEIS]] <br />
+and owner and developer websites</small>
+</div>
 ==References==
 <references />